Working Principle of Water Softener System

Work sequence: operation, backwashing, salt suction slow rinse (regeneration replacement), salt tank injection, positive washing five processes. 

Different water softening equipment, all processes are very close, but due to the actual process differences or control needs, there may be some additional processes. Any water softening equipment based on sodium ion exchange is developed on the basis of these five processes.

A. Operation (work) Raw water at a certain pressure (0.1-0.6MPa), flow rate, through the multiway valve chamber, into the container with ion exchange resin (resin tank), ion exchange resin contains sodium (Na) and water cations (Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+ ......, etc.) to replace. The calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) ions are discharged through the wastewater port of the multiplex valve to soften hard water.

B. Backwashing After the saturation of ion exchange resin adsorption failure, before regeneration, the bottom-up backwashing with water is carried out. The purpose of backwashing is two: ① through backwashing, so that the operation of the resin layer loosened pressure, which is conducive to resin particles and regeneration liquid full contact; ② so that the resin surface accumulated suspended matter and broken resin with the backwashing water discharge, so that the water softening equipment water resistance is not increasing.

C. Suction salt slow washing (regeneration replacement) regeneration agent that is saturated brine into the resin tank flow through the resin layer, the high concentration of sodium (Na) ions in the brine solution to replace the calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) ions adsorbed in the resin, through the wastewater port discharge, so that the failed resin to restore the ability to reabsorb. After the brine suction of the water softening equipment is not involved in the regeneration of the exchange of brine, the use of water less than or equal to the flow rate of regeneration fluid for cleaning (slow cleaning), in order to make full use of the regeneration of brine and reduce the load of positive washing.

D. Salt tank injection Multi-way valve through manual or time control to fill the salt tank with the amount of salt required to regenerate once.

E. Washing (fast cleaning) The purpose is to remove the residual regeneration waste brine in the resin layer, usually at the normal flow rate until the water is qualified.